The uganda forestry policy 2001 acronyms cbo communitybased organisation fd forestry department forri forest resource research institute fsup forest sector umbrella programme naro national agricultural research organisation nema national environment management authority nfa national forestry authority ngo nongovernmental organisation peap poverty eradication action plan. However, estimates of the magnitude and rate have varied widely. Tanzanian policies from colonial time to the present. Policies in united republic of tanzania global database. Tanzania national forest policy 1998 tanzania forest fund. Tanzania, like many african countries has been experiencing rapid rates of deforestation. Overview of progress and policy challenges in tanzania please cite this chapter as. Conservation and management of wildlife resources 6. Background and current conditions congressional research service summary tanzania, an important u. Tanzania forest information and data according to the u. The ministry of tourism, natural resources and environment mtnre 1989a, for example, estimates that tanzania has been losing between 300,000 and 400,000 ha of forest per annum. Protected areas in tanzania are extremely varied, ranging from sea habitats over grasslands to the top of the kilimanjaro, the tallest mountain in africa. Tanzania national strategy on infant and young child nutrition. The united republic of tanzania ministry of health, community development, gender, elderly and children the national health policy 2017 sixth draft version for external consultations with ministries, departments and agencies date.
Background it is estimated that ethiopias closed canopy forest cover has fallen from 40% to 3% of the land area since the beginning of this century. There has been a substantial international influence in tanzanian forest law. Plantations run by government and several largescale wood growers make up just 0. Draft national forest policy tanzania natural resource.
Firstly, state forest reserves were established by colonial powers, demarcating and alienating forests from customary. The forest ordinance of tanzania 1957 principal legislation cap 389 of 1957 this ordinance may be cited as the forest ordinance. Policies in united republic of tanzania global database on. Governance of protected and conserved areas in tanzania. The forest policy and forest act the got approved the national forest policy in 1998. Formulated under the national environmental action plan neap of 1994, the forest policy of 1998 is aimed at changing the national institutional and legal framework. Aichi target 11, in particular, guides tanzanias efforts to reach these ambitious goals in terrestrial and inland. Despite conservation efforts, tanzanias forests still under. The united republic of tanzania tanzania ministry of. Maintenance of environmental stability through preservation and restoration of. In no other country in africa is the impact of deforestation more severe. Both the consumption and production processes of forest products have resulted in increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, particularly through burning forest. Ethiopian forest policy emerging from the official documents. About a third of the countrys total area is protected to a certain degree as a national park, game reserve, marine park, forest reserve or the like the following list gives an overview on the various protected areas in tanzania including.
Over the past three decades the perspectives on the role of the. Towards a national forest policy that promotes natural forest. I believe that the resulting policy addresses the needs of all those involved in the forest sector, and provides a truly sectorwide perspective on the way forward for the development of forestry in uganda. Tanzania has committed to very ambitious national targets for conservation, and to the strategic plan for biodiversity 20112020, adopted by the parties to the convention on biological diversity. Tanzania, challenges, rationale, aims, goal and objectives, links to other national policies and definition of selected gender concepts. About a third of the countrys total area is protected to a certain degree as a national park, game reserve, marine park, forest reserve or the like. Between 1990 and 2010, tanzania lost an average of 403,350 ha or 0. The paper inevitably raises more questions that it answers. Education for selfreliance esr policy, which was engineered as a strategy for increasing the relevance of education to tanzanians. Dpg consists of the bilateral and multilateral partners that provide development assistance to tanzania. Doc policy making process in tanzania oscar lugumamu. It contains a number of statements in support of pfm. The forestry sector in tanzania 125 fuelling deforestation. The government of the united republic of tanzania approved the current national forest policy in march 1998.
Over the past three decades the perspectives on the role of. The overall goal of the national forest policy is to enhance the contribution of the forest sector to the sustainable development of tanzania and the conservation. Dated 7 th june, 2002 printed by the government, da r es salaam, by order of government. To address the above challenges, in 2002 the parliament of tanzania enacted forest act cap. Oecd 20, overview of progress and policy challenges in tanzania. Using technical approaches to conservation and sustainable management of forest resources. James laizer started by giving an overview of sound and fair which he said started as a campaign in uk which aimed at raising awareness in. Tanzania national forest policy 1998 tanzania forest fund tff. There has been a gradual increase in political pluralism, but chama cha mapinduzi ccm, the. National forest policy has to duly guide forest governance improvement efforts. Transnational legal process and discourse in environmental. Since the 1990s tanzania has experienced a shift toward a general education curriculum, although a workoriented education approach continues to inform the current etp policy and its related policy documents.
The national forest policy aims to create an enabling environment for the development of the forestry sector by decentralising responsibilities for forest management to local communities and district councils. Since tanzania attained political independence in 1961, there has 1. The policy indicates in statement 25 and its directions that the legislation for the sector will be periodically updated and harmonized with the legislation of other related. The comparative analysis leads to three key insights. The national forest policy should recognise the primacy of agriculture in driving deforestation. Key facts contribution usd 127 000 duration january 2017 march 2018 resource. The national poverty eradication strategy npes 1997 pdf thenationalpovertyeradicationstrategy. Towards community participation in forest management abstract this paper is about the emerging theme of joint forest management between communities and the government in tanzania. Oct 07, 2016 in 2002, the tanzanian government passed a new national forest policy which transferred power over forest resources back to the community level and involved citizens in forest conservation. National forest policy, 2014 i 2022014 foreword forest resources in our country are valuable natural endowment that must be sustainably managed for present and future generations.
Comparative analysis of the similarities and differences. Overview of progress and policy challenges in tanzania. Tanzania highlighted the achievement of the coverage targets 35. Drivers of deforestation in kilwa 6 almost entirely dependent on traditional methods and gear artisanal fishing including mashua, dau, ngalawa and dugout canoes macemp 2001. Liberalization in the forest sector include joint management of forests between the government and communities and other decentralized. This is a very serious challenge in nigeria as the local. Foreign policy was also influenced by dependency, which had different facets. National agriculture policy 20 nap 20 revolves around the goals of developing an efficient, competitive and profitable agricultural industry that contributes to the improvement of the livelihoods of tanzanians and attainment of broad based economic growth and poverty alleviation. By 2025 tanzanias demand for industrial wood will be 3. The national forest policy of india your article library.
The overall goal of the forest policy of 1998 is to enhance the contribution of the forest sector to sustainable development of tanzania and conservation and. Participatory forest management pfm is a central pillar of tanzanias forest law and policy and has been implemented across tanzania since it was first piloted in babati district in the early 1990s. Introducing predictable and sustainable longterm financing mechanisms. The new policy, however, retains state ownership and control of wildlife resources. Chapter two is devoted to policy concerns on areas to be addressed. The main plank of the revised forest policy of 1988 is protection, conservation and development of forests. The wildlife conservation act principal legislation arrangement of sections title part i preliminary provisions sections 1. Drawing evidences from various existing policy documents and other literature, this paper concludes that forestry policies have been, and. Central to the success of pfm is participatory land use planning lup and specific management plans, which is in accordance with the 1998 forest policy and forest act no. The tanzania approach seems very promising in ensuring and promoting decentralization of forest administration and management in africa. The zambia forest action plan zfap of 1997, forest policy of 1998 and forest act of 1999 provide for industry and community participation in forest management and utilization. The government of tanzania recently adopted a new wildlife policy intended to better address the problems and obstacles that have plagued wildlife management in tanzania. The main objects and purposes of tanzania forest fund are as follows. However, forest degradation and deforestation are among the challenges faced by the national forest sector.
Increasing deforestation has resulted in adverse impacts in the country. Policy changes and their implications to forest management in tanzania. Due to such importance, forestry has variably featured in. The challenge to manage tanzanias forest resources as a national heritage on an integrated and sustainable basis to optimise their environmental, economic. They portrays nyereres concern with problems of social justice, self reliance, unity, and colonialism.
First, each of the case study countries has multiple. An overview of the forestry sector in zambia sciencedirect. Drivers of deforestation and forest degradation in kilwa. Since that time, a range of governmental and nongovernmental stakeholders have been actively involved in promoting pfm across the country.
As per the arusha declaration of 1967 which aimed at building a socialist state in tanzania, forests were nationalised. The policy note focuses in particular on issues relating to improvements in forest governance. Continued state ownership and control of wildlife resources perpetuates the wildlifefirst. Compliance with the wildlife policy part ii objectives 7. The evolution of a forestbased mitigation approach for developing countries. Part i preliminary interpretation director of forestrymeans the person for the time being performing the duties of the director of forestry. Tanzania overview of progress and policy challenges in. The major cash crops grown in the district are coconuts, cashew nuts and sesame, while maize. Policy guidelines for micronutrient supplementation.
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